Vim li cas nws thiaj li ntau tshaj li tsib xyoos tom qab tau qhia, tseem tsis tau muaj kev pom zoo dav dav ntawm seb puas muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ib txwm muaj kev siv tau rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ceramic? Hauv kev xav ntawm cov kws tshaj lij kev lag luam thiab cov neeg soj ntsuam, Alberto Pigini, qhov teeb meem tshwm sim tom qab kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm lub sijhawm ntev - kev ntseeg siab ntawm kev sib xyaw insulatortechnology nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb tias kev ua tau zoo ntawm ib qho insulator nyob ntawm qhov kev xaiv ntawm kev tsim qauv tau muab rau nws qhov kev pab cuam ib puag ncig.
Hmoov tsis zoo, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm composite insulators no yeej tsis tau ua kom raug. Piv txwv li, tsis tsim nyog los yog oversuperficial ib tug specification los ntawm cov hluav taws xob standpoint yuav ua rau toflashover ntawm ceramic insulators. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm composite insulators qhov tshwm sim yuav ua puas mus tas li.
Composite insulators muaj ntau qhov zoo-cov ntaub ntawv zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis zoo li qhov tau tshaj tawm thaum xyoo dhau los, lawv yeej tsis 'indestructible'. Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau kom ua tau zoo piv rau lossis zoo dua li qhov xav tau ntawm ceramic insulators, yuav tsum tau saib xyuas zoo hauv lawv:
• Specification,
• Kev tuav, thiab
• Kev teeb tsa.
Raws li kev qhia tshwj xeeb, feem ntau ntawm cov teeb meem tau tshaj tawm nrog cov insulators xyoo no tuaj yeem taug qab rov qab mus rau qhov tsis txaus hauv kev xaiv - tshwj xeeb tshaj yog los ntawm qhov pom ntawm hluav taws xob. Qhov no yog vim hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib xyaw yuav tsum tsis txhob ua tsuas yog saib ntawm lawv cov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws thaum lub sij hawm luv luv - kev xeem. Hloov chaw, nws yuav tsum ua kom zoo raws li qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm qhov degradation ntawm ib feem ntawm qhov tso tawm uas, nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev, tuaj yeem ua rau taug qab, yaig thiab qhov kawg tsis ua haujlwm.
Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsis txaus vim tias cov insulators muaj qhov tsis zoo rau kev puas tsuaj yog tias muaj kev tso tawm tsis tu ncua thiab kev ua haujlwm arcing ntawm lossis ze ntawm lawv qhov chaw. Piv txwv li, ntau qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov tsis ua haujlwm tau tshwm sim vim yog cov insulators tau teeb tsa yam tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv electrodes kom txwv cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob nyob ze lawv qhov hluav taws xob siab kawg thiab txawm tias nyob rau hauv lawv lub ntiaj teb kawg nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm highsystem voltages.
Ib yam li ntawd, qee zaum kev ua tsis tiav tau tshwm sim los ntawm kev kwv yees tsis raug ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm muaj kuab paug tiag tiag.CIGRE Daim Ntawv Qhia 142-1999 piav qhia tias kev paub dhau los ntawm kev kuaj kev laus thiab kev sim teb tau lees paub tias muaj peb chav kawm ntawm cov dej ntws tawm ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke raws li cov dej ntub dej ib txwm muaj:
1. tus nqi qis- tus nqi, cov chav kawm tsis sib xws;
2. qhov nruab nrab qhov nruab nrab tam sim no ntawm ob peb mA, tab sis deb ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm pre-flashover tej yam kev mob;
3. chav kawm muaj nqi tam sim no (piv txwv li qee qhov ntau pua ntawm mA) qhia tias lub rwb thaiv tsev yog ze rau flashover.
Thaum cov insulators ceramic yog tsim los saib feem ntau ntawm cov 'c hom' chav kawm ntawm cov hluav taws xob tam sim no, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib xyaw yuav tsum tau tsim los siv 'btype' tam sim no rau hauv tus account. Qhov tseeb, kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias thaum class'a' tam sim no muaj kev cuam tshuam me ntsis ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntev -, chav kawm 'b' tam sim no tuaj yeem ua rau kev taug qab thiab yaig thiab tej zaum yuav ua tsis tiav.
Raws li qhov tshwm sim, yuav tsum muaj qhov tsim nyog txaus ntawm qhov kev tiv thaiv qhov hnyav thiab qhov tseeb ntawm ib puag ncig thaum twg xaiv cov insulators sib xyaw. Qhov kev xav tau tseem ceeb yog txwv tsis pub xau tam sim no thoob plaws lub neej kev pabcuam tag nrho suav nrog kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev pabcuam kev ntxhov siab rau ntawm qhov chaw hydrophobicity thiab wettability. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm composite insulators, txawm AC los yog DC, cov pa mus kom ze raws li cov pa phem cov chav kawm ntawv raws li tau teev tseg nyob rau hauv IEC 60815 yuav xam tau tias yog questionable.
Hloov chaw, kom paub tseeb tias qhov kev pabcuam txaus siab, yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev txheeb cais uas suav nrog ob qho tib si ib puag ncig tsis zoo thiab cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb insulator. Hauv particular, specification nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm yuav tsum tau creepage nrug ib leeg yog nws tus kheej tsis txaus. Piv txwv li, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm qhov profile tuaj yeem ua rau qis yog tias muaj ntau qhov kev nkag mus rau ntawm qhov muab arcing nrug. Cov lus qhia raws li IEC 60815 yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib ntau ntawm 'cov cuab yeej taw qhia' dua li hloov cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev sim.
Forthose composite insulators twb tau nruab rau ntawm kab thiab qhov twg nws yog lig dhau lawm hloov specifications, kev kuaj mob raws li kev ntsuas cov dej xau tam sim no nrog cov kev xaiv tuaj yeem pab txheeb xyuas qhov ua tsis txaus ntawm kev tsim thiab triggerwashing yuav tsum nruab nrab qhov hluav taws xob tam sim no ncav cuag qhov kev puas tsuaj hauv chav kawm 'b'type.
Txawm hais tias tsuas yog qhov kev tsim hluav taws xob tau txiav txim siab ntawm no, qhov tsim nyog tshwj xeeb los ntawm cov neeg kho tshuab pom tau yog qhov tseem ceeb thiab tej zaum tseem ceeb dua li cov insulators ceramic. Ib zaug ntxiv, ntau qhov kev ua tsis tiav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cuam tshuam rau tiam tsis ntev los no ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib xyaw, tau yog vim tsis raug cov neeg kho tshuab specification lossis los ntawm mishandling thiab tsis tsim nyog installationpractices uas tsis coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov kev puas tsuaj mus tas li yuav tshwm sim.
Hauv paus ntsiab lus, kev loj hlob thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem suav tias yog qhov txaus siab thiab ntawm tib theem siab xws li ceramic insulators.Txawm li cas los xij, kev ntseeg siab hauv kev coj ua yuav nyob ntawm seb cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob puas yog thiab tseem suav rau lawv cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb, cov lus teb rau cov kev pabcuam tshwj xeeb thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev teeb tsa.