Polymeric insulators tau siv rau ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb kom deb li deb li xyoo 1960. Ntau cov polymers sib txawv tau siv ntau xyoo, feem ntau nrog cov txiaj ntsig sib txawv. Piv txwv li, polytetrafluoroethylene (tseem hu ua Teflon) zoo li kev cog lus ntawm qhov pib thiab tau siv nyob rau hauv insulators ua nyob rau hauv ltalis pib li ntawm 1965. Tab sis cov khoom no tau sai sai tso tseg raws li tsis haum. Lwm cov polymers uas tau thov kev ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws piv rau cov plooj (porcelain) thiab iav suav nrog ethylene propylene roj hmab (EPR), ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM), silicone roj hmab (SR) thiab ntau yam 'alloys' ntawm cov polymers. Hauv qhov kev hloov kho xyoo 2015 no pab txhawb rau INMR, T&D tus kws tshaj lij Alberto Pigini tau tham txog qee yam los txiav txim siab thaum xaiv cov khoom siv vaj tsev zoo tshaj plaws rau kev siv sab nraum zoov.
Thaum txhua tsev neeg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv polymeric feem ntau tau raug xa mus rau lub hauv paus ntawm nws cov khoom loj polymer, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias txhua yam khoom siv insulator yog tsim los ntawm nws tus kheej 'daim ntawv qhia'. Cov khoom xyaw tshwj xeeb xws li fillers, colorizers thiab lwm yam additives yog ntxiv rau lub ntsiab bulk polymer kom optimize nws los ntawm viewpoints ntawm tus nqi, ntau lawm thiab kev ua tau zoo. Qhov tseeb, ib qho teeb meem uas tsuas yog daws tau yog tsim qhov zoo tshaj plaws txhais tau tias kom tau txais kev ntseeg siab 'tus ntiv tes' ntawm txhua cov khoom siv polymeric. Qhov no suav hais tias yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws rau cov neeg siv khoom kom ntseeg tau tias cov insulators xa mus rau lawv yog tib yam asthose rau hom ntawv xeem twg thiab kev paub dhau los tau muab.
EPR, EPDM thiab SR (nyob rau hauv lawv ntau yam proprietaryformulations) tau pom tias yog cov polymers haum tshaj plaws nrog rau kev sib txawv ntawm qhov zoo los ntawm qhov pom ntawm kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob, tshuaj, ib puag ncig thiab txhua yam kev ntxhov siab. SR, piv txwv li, yog cov khoom siv hydrophobicitytransfer (HTM). Qhov no txhais tau hais tias nws tsis tsuas yog nthuav tawm intrinsichydrophobicity tab sis kuj muaj peev xwm los kho hydrophobicity ntawm qhov chaw nrog tsawg 'lub sij hawm rov qab' yuav tsum hydrophobicity yuav ploj mus ib ntus vim qhov kev pab cuam xws li hnyav ntub dej. Nws yog vim qhov zoo tshaj plaws uas SR tau kov yeej lwm cov polymers thiab qhov tseeb tau dhau los uade facto'tus qauv' rau feem ntau HV daim ntawv thov hauv AC thiab DC - tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum twg xav tau kev ua kom muaj kuab paug zoo. Kev paub dhau los nrog tsev neeg ntawm cov polymers no feem ntau ua tau zoo rau ob qho tib si kab thiab substation daim ntawv thov, yog li txhawb kev lag luam muaj zog nyiam.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau taw qhia qhov kev paub dhau los qhia tias SR rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsis yog ib txwm ua tau raws li cov neeg siv kev cia siab hauv qhov chaw pabcuam hnyav heev (xws li cov muaj soluble siab thiab asnon- soluble deposits ntawm insulators thiab nrog nquag ntub dej los ntawm pos). Raws li cov xwm txheej nyuaj, kev rov qab hydrophobicity yuav tsis nrawm txaus, ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Qhov kev coj cwj pwm no tau lees paub nyob rau xyoo tas los no los ntawm kev kuaj mob hnyav (tej zaum hnyav dhau) qhov chaw kuaj kab mob sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem insulator thiab cov ntaub ntawv tau nthuav tawm rau ntau txhiab xuab moos kom muaj kev ntxhov siab txawv xws li ntsev pos huab, nag, huab cua huv, ziab lub sij hawm thiab UV (saib daim duab . 1). Daim duab . 2 qhia cov piv txwv ntawm kev degradation nyob rau hauv DC.Rau qhov qhia tau hais tias muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm insulator mob tom qab muaj hnub nyoog, kev ua qias tuaj tau txiav txim siab siv txoj kev 'ceev flashover' ntawm salinity ntawm 80 kg / m3. Daim duab . 3 qhia kev sib piv ntawm cov insulators nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm unified tshwj xeeb creepage nrug (USCD) xav tau nyob rau hauv DC. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej huab cua zoo li no, nws tau pom tias qhov ua tau zoo ntawm EPDM thiab EPRinsulators ua tau zoo dua li ntawm SR. Qhov no tej zaum yog vim qhov tseeb tias kev tiv thaiv kev taug qab thiab yaig los ntawm cov khoom siv polymeric yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj li kev hloov pauv hydrophobicity hauv cov hom huab cua enviro.
Thaum kawg, muaj cov xwm txheej uas siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib xyaw tau raug txiav txim tsis yog los ntawm kev ua kom muaj kuab paug zoo dua tab sis yog los ntawm lwm yam kev xav, xws li kev txhim kho kev nyab xeeb. Qhov tseeb, qhov no tau nce ntxiv rau cov tsev nyob rau AC substationapplications nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig huv si, qhov twg hluav taws xob tsim yog dominated ntau los ntawm kev hloov impulse kev ua tau zoo dua los ntawm cov pa phem. Thaum nws muaj peev xwm hais tias silicone insulators kuj muab cov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws hauv qhov no, kev sib piv kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam ntawm 'tus qauv SR mus kom ze' nrog lwm cov kev xaiv polymeric uas tsis tau hais los saum toj no yuav tsum tsis txhob muab pov tseg. Ntau dhau standardization txwv innovation.